Serializing XML:

Introduction to Serializing XML:

Serializing XML involves converting data structures (such as objects, arrays, or dictionaries) into an XML format.

This can be useful for common data exchange between systems, for storing data in a format suitable for reusing them, or for a communication in Web services.

Serializing XML in Different Programming Languages:

JavaScript:

JavaScript can serialize objects into XML using libraries or custom functions.

Example Using a Custom Function:

                    
function objectToXML(obj) {
  let xml = '';
  for (const prop in obj) {
    if (obj.hasOwnProperty(prop)) {
      if (Array.isArray(obj[prop])) {
        for (const arrayElem of obj[prop]) {
          xml += `<${prop}>` + objectToXML(arrayElem) + ``;
        }
      } else if (typeof obj[prop] === 'object') {
        xml += `<${prop}>` + objectToXML(obj[prop]) + ``;
      } else {
        xml += `<${prop}>${obj[prop]}`;
      }
    }
  }
  return xml;
}

const book = {
  title: "XML Fundamentals",
  author: "John Smith",
  price: 29.99
};

const xmlString = `<book>${objectToXML(book)}</book>`;
console.log(xmlString);

Python:

Python provides libraries like xml.etree.ElementTree for easy XML serialization.

Example Using ElementTree:

                    
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

book = {
  "title": "XML Fundamentals",
  "author": "John Smith",
  "price": 29.99
}

book_element = ET.Element("book")

for key, value in book.items():
    child = ET.SubElement(book_element, key)
    child.text = str(value)

tree = ET.ElementTree(book_element)
tree.write("book.xml", encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)

xml_string = ET.tostring(book_element, encoding='unicode')
print(xml_string)

Java:

Java provides libraries like JAXB (Java Architecture for XML Binding) for serializing Java objects to XML.

Example Using JAXB:

                    
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

@XmlRootElement
class Book {
    private String title;
    private String author;
    private double price;

    // Getters and setters

    @XmlElement
    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    @XmlElement
    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    @XmlElement
    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
}

public class SerializeXMLExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setTitle("XML Fundamentals");
        book.setAuthor("John Smith");
        book.setPrice(29.99);

        try {
            JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Book.class);
            Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller();
            marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, Boolean.TRUE);

            // Write to System.out
            marshaller.marshal(book, System.out);

            // Write to file
            marshaller.marshal(book, new File("book.xml"));
        } catch (JAXBException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

Summary:

Serializing XML: The method of data structures transforming into XML in order to store, transmit, or share with other users.
JavaScript: Extension developers can serialize objects into XML with the help of other functions or libraries.
Python: Uses xml. etree. ElementTree to make the serialization and deserialization of XML easier.
Java: JAXB to be used for marshalling the Java objects into XML format.

In this article, it is clear that different programming languages can serialize data structures into XML using proper libraries and methods, allowing the data to be easily exchanged and stored.